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Foreword: Precise, reliable, and efficient testing forms the foundation for obtaining authentic performance data during the research, development, quality verification, and application of lithium-ion batteries. Whether evaluating the intrinsic properties of battery materials or verifying the durability and safety of battery packs under complex operating conditions, standardized and systematic testing is indispensable. Process steps represent the most critical operations in battery testing, fundamentally involving the precise control of parameters such as current, voltage, power, or resistance. This document systematically introduces common charge/discharge and auxiliary process steps within battery test systems. Using BTS 8.0 software as an example, it details the working principles, key parameter settings, data logging strategies, and typical

Analysis of the causes of low voltage failure in lithium battery formation process and its impact on battery cells Introduction: Low voltage failure during the lithium battery formation process is a common and significant issue. This typically indicates an abnormality during the initial charge and activation process. I. Analysis of the Main Causes of Low Voltage Failure First, raw material defects or poor quality incoming materials are a key cause. Active material defects, poor conductivity, or uneven coating in the negative electrode material can directly hinder lithium insertion and lead to excessive lithium ion consumption. Abnormal separator porosity, uneven thickness, or poor lyophilicity can impair electrolyte wetting and ion transport.

For High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-ion Batteries Hebei University & Hebei Agricultural University AFM: Gradiently Distributed MCM-41 Molecular Sieve Bifunctional Separator for High-Performance Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries Link: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202517715 Introduction Aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems. However, cathode dissolution, zinc anode corrosion, and dendrite growth severely hinder their further development. This work designs a dual-functional separator with gradient-distributed MCM-41 zeolite that simultaneously stabilizes both the cathode and zinc anode. Specifically, the side with a heavy zeolite distribution reduces the desolvation energy barrier and modulates zinc ion flux, thereby suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and its associated side reactions while promoting uniform zinc deposition. The opposite

5 Steps for Dry-Process Electrode Preparation In the process of preparing electrode sheets, there exists a relatively niche method—dry electrode preparation. This technique is suitable for carbon materials with large specific surface areas and those requiring in-situ XRD testing. This article will detail the laboratory method for preparing dry electrodes for educational and collaborative purposes. Step 1 – Mixing Dry Powder Weigh the sample and conductive carbon black in a specified ratio (recommended 40 mg : 5 mg) and thoroughly mix them in an agate mortar. Scrape the powder adhering to the mortar walls multiple times during mixing. It is crucial to ensure complete mixing, as inadequate mixing will adversely

Sustained Release of Underpotential Deposition Initiators for Ah-Level Zinc Metal Batteries Article link: https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.202514181 Introduction Sustained Release of Underpotential Deposition Initiators for Ah-Level Zinc Metal Batteries Electrolyte additives can effectively stabilize aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), but their depletion during long-term cycling ultimately leads to battery failure. To address this common issue, we achieved sustained battery operation by continuously releasing underpotential deposition initiators from an engineered solid electrolyte interface (SEI). This SEI, composed of nickel hydroxide and nickel-2-methylimidazole complexes, incorporates hydrophobic dodecylphosphonic acid (DPA) monolayers via ion-layer epitaxy. When local pH rises due to corrosion, the SEI releases Ni²⁺ ions on demand. This approach enables sustained protection of the battery during

How to tell a Battery Short Circuit? A Brief Introduction If a sudden drop in voltage occurs during the cycle, it indicates that lithium dendrites have pierced the battery’s interior, causing a short circuit that brings the positive and negative electrodes into direct contact, thereby reducing the potential difference. Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of Hard Short Circuit and Soft Short Circuit in Symmetrical Batteries   It should be noted that the short-circuit process can be an irreversible hard short-circuit, after which the voltage signal exhibits a constant low value (close to 0 V). The specific value depends on the current applied during the cycle, as the battery at this point